Lwati: A Journal Of Contemporary Research

 Journal

 The Role Of Female Entrepreneurship Skills Development In The Eradication Of Household Poverty In Nigeri

 Kolawole, R. J. & Fakokunde, T. O.

 2021

This study examines the role of female entrepreneurship skills development and their participation in micro-scheme enterprises in the reduction and eradication of household poverty in Nigeria. Sixty female entrepreneurs were randomly selected from three purposively chosen micro-schemes enterprises operating at the Federal University of Technology Akure (FUTA), which include: trading, fashion designing and hair dressing. The data was analysed using descriptive and Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measure. Results showed that majority (75%) of female entrepreneurs in the study area are traders who participate in catering for the welfare of their families. Results further reveal that female entrepreneurs only contribute 25.88% to household income with higher contribution (33.71%) from female entrepreneurs whose main occupations revolve around micro-schemes enterprises. The aged and primary school leavers had the highest percentage contributions to their household income which is an indication that micro-enterprises have great potentials to increase household income of the vulnerable group. About 68.09% of the female entrepreneurs were living in poor households meaning that most of them are necessity entrepreneurs Female entrepreneurs contributed to household poverty reduction by 19.08% with higher contributions (23.09% and 40%) respectively from households whose main occupation is micro-enterprises and young female entrepreneurs. Also poverty reduction was highest for households with smallest household size (44.45%) and tertiary level of education (22.3%) while there was no reduction in poverty for households with primary level of education. Hence, more empowerment programmes should be organised by government to alleviate poverty of female entrepreneurs, so as to increase their contributions to household income and reduce household poverty. 

 Development And Management Study Group

 Journal

 EVALUATION OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION PROGRAMMES IN NIGERIA: THE DEMAND DRIVEN APPROACH PERSPECTIVE

 Kolawole, R. J.

 2021

This review was undertaken to examine why poverty still remains high despite various policies implemented by the Nigerian government. The review showed that the poverty alleviation measures implemented so far have focused more on growth, basic needs and rural development approaches. Most of the poverty alleviation strategies adopted in Nigeria were well focused on rural areas and agricultural sector. It was observed that most of these programmes before and during Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) were supply driven which could not meet the needs of the poor and so they had little effect in alleviating poverty. After SAP, some programmes implemented used demand driven approach to meet the target poor. Although, poverty reduced due to this approach but the very poor (vulnerable) were not targeted in some of these programmes. This paper recommended that there should be prevention of elite capture through proper targeting in any project 

 School Of Agriculture & Agricultural Technology, FUTA

 Journal

 Impact Of Non-farm Enterprises On Income And Inequality Status Of Rural Households In Nigeria

 Kolawole, R. J.

 2020

This study assessed the impact of non-farm enterprises on households' income and inequality of rural entrepreneurs. The fact that efforts made by the Nigerian government to achieve the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) of reducing inequality by 2015 was not achieved, necessitates the need to join the rest of the world in pursuing the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) of reducing inequality and achieve gender equality by 2030. Hence, the need to examine the potentials of non-farm enterprises in meeting the SDG of reducing income inequality within the country by 2030.The data for this study were obtained from General Household Survey fielded by National Bureau of Statistics in 2015/2016, containing 5,000 households; however, only 2,281 matched observations were used for analyses using Propensity Score Matching and Gini Coefficient. The result shows that the average treatment on the treated nationwide was N34, 567.10 per month, while mean income (N63,461.88) of female participants was higher than that of their male counterparts (N30,705.64). In all the six geopolitical zones, the impact of non-farm enterprises was significantly felt on household income with South-east having the highest impact of 284.42% while Entrepreneurs in North-east had the lowest impact of 94.07%. However, non-farm enterprises would have contributed 71.52% to household income of non-participants if they had participated in which South-east would have experienced the highest impact of 185.57%. The impact of non-farm enterprises reduced inequality by 19.29% nationwide with higher reduction among the males (23.91%). Also, in all the zones, income inequality reduced with South-west having the highest reduction (18.39%). Therefore, there is need for governments to encourage more females to participate in non-farm enterprises by organising more empowerment programmes. Keywords:Non-farmenterprises, Income inequality, Impact assessment, Rural Entrepreneurs, Nigeria 

 Akamai University

 Journal

 Assessment Of Urban Households’ Involvement In Micro-enterprises In Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria

 Akinlade, R. J.

 2019

This study focused on the assessment of households’ involvement in micro-enterprises in Ibadan metropolis. Random sampling technique was used to sample 119 households using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and multinomial logit were employed for analyses. The results showed that majority (70.59%) of the households engaged in micro-enterprises. 35.71% of the participating households were females. The results also showed that a large proportion of the participating and nonparticipating households were middle-aged and have tertiary education while a majority of the non-participating households are civil servants. 60.71% of the participants were involved in trading with more female household heads. Out of the six categories of the extent of household involvement in micro-enterprise, the ‘If spouse only participated’ category had the highest proportion of 36.97%. Also a majority (57.14%) of non-participating households indicated their willingness to participate in microenterprises later with more female household heads. 75.00% of non-participating households willing to engage in trading with 70.00% of them having low income. The result of the multinomial logit showed that religion, household size, sex, poverty status and age positively influenced extent of households’ involvement in micro-enterprises while only primary occupation of the household head negatively influenced involvement. Therefore, more empowerment programmes should be organised by governments to encourage more female involvement and alleviate their poverty which invariably will enhance incidence and extent of participation in micro-enterprises. 

 Agecon Search

 Conference Paper

 Impact Of Non-farm Enterprises On Inequality And Poverty Status Of Rural Farming Households In Nigeria

 Akinlade, R. J

 2019

This study evaluates the impact of non-farm enterprises on income inequality and poverty of rural farming households in Nigeria. The data were obtained from General Household Survey fielded by the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010/2011 and 2015/2016. However, only 1,619 matched observations were used for analyses using Propensity Score Matching, Double Difference, Gini Coefficient, Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measures and Poverty Equivalent Growth Rates (PEGRs). The results showed that income inequality of participants reduced by 8.54% with female participants having higher reduction (14.89%). Also, income inequality of participants decreased in all the six geopolitical zones and the decline was highest for the South-east (34.72%). 53.3% of participants were poor in the year 2011 and reduced by 40.09% after five years. The poverty incidence of female participants decreased by 59.25% while that of male decreased by 19.04%. The result of PEGRs shows that growth was pro-poor and the poverty reduction was low among the core poor. 

 Akamai University

 Journal

 Influence Of Social Capital On Performance Of Micro And Small Enterprises In Osun State, Nigeria.

 Akinlade, R. J.

 2018

This study examined the influence of social capital on business performance in Osun State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample 291 entrepreneurs using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive and linear regressions were employed for analyses. Findings showed that a majority of respondents were in their active age and highly educated. Density membership and meeting attendance indices were low while labor contribution and level of trust indices were high. Homogeneity index was moderate. The results of the linear regression revealed that one or two social capital indices included in the model significantly affected four of the enterprises (barbering, hairdressing, mechanics, and furniture) while none of the variables affected fashion designing enterprise. Homogeneity Index significantly affected the performance of barbering and mechanic enterprises. Trust and labor contribution indices significantly influenced the business performance of barbers and hairdressers respectively. Membership density index significantly affected the business performance of mechanic and hairdressers. Meeting attendance index significantly influenced performance of furniture and mechanics enterprises. 

 Centre For Research And Development (CERAD), FUTA

 Journal

 Total Entrepreneurial Activity By Gender And Employment Generation In Nigeria

 Akinlade, R. J.

 2018

In recent years, women’s entrepreneurial activity has been recognized as a sig­nificant component of economic development. This paper therefore, examines the influence of male and female entrepreneurship on employment generation in Nigeria. This study is based on data drawn from the 2011, 2012 and 2013 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and National Bureau of Statistics. Descriptive Statistics, t­test and regression method of analysis were used for analyses. Findings show that women involvement in Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) increased over the period under review (2011­2013) but the rate of change was about 4% which is considered low. Also, most women are necessity entrepreneurs while majority of the men are opportunity entrepreneurs. Pertinent in this finding is that necessity entrepreneurs increased by 25% in year 2012 but reduced by 10% in 2013. Young women entrepreneurs involved in TEA are high compared with their male counterparts. Majority of male and female involved in TEA were in their active age. Income and work status significantly influenced both male and female TEA but age and education significantly affected male TEA and female TEA respectively. Lastly, majority (80%) of the entrepreneurs are low growth oriented. Therefore, this study recommends that young entrepreneurs especially women should be encouraged by government through availability and accessibility to resources that will be needed to grow their businesses. 

 Federal University Minna

 Journal

 Nexus Between Government Policies And Performance Of Small Scale Bread Bakeries In Nigeria.

 Akinlade, R. J.

 2018

Government policy could compress the small scale business sector in any economy if not giving careful attention; hence, this study assessed the nexus between government policies and performance of small scale bread bakeries in Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to sample 107 bread bakeries using structured questionnaire. Descriptive, profitability ratios and linear regression were employed. Profit margin was higher for those that were trained by government, received credit and pay tax when compared to their counterparts who did not benefit from these policies. The regression results showed that none of the policy variables was significant with profit but amount paid for registration, year of business registration and licensing procedure significantly affected assets accumulation. Therefore, this study concludes that for any bakery to commence operation, it must be registered and have a specific standard of assets. Hence, governments should streamline the licensing procedure and also reduce registration amount. 

 Http://www.casirmediapublishing.com

 Journal

 Assessment Of Income Inequality Among Rural Women Entrepreneurs In South-west, Nigeria

 Ehinmowo, O. O. & Akinlade, R. J.

 2017

Inequality is a manifestation as well as a strong cause of poverty. Hence this study examined income inequality among rural women entrepreneurs in Southwest, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was used to select 200 small scale cassava processors with the use of questionnaire. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics, Lorenz curve, Gini coefficient and Double-Log regression model. The findings showed that majority of the small scale cassava processors in Oyo, Osun and Ondo earned below N200, 000 per annum while most of the cassava processors in Ogun State earned above N600, 000 per annum. The result of the Gini coefficient (0.58) showed that there was inequality among the respondents with Ogun state having the lowest (0.16). Also the results of the regression analysis showed that sex, number of family size and labour significantly affected the income of the small scale cassava processors in the study area. In conclusion, large household size should be discouraged among cassava processors in Southwest since it has reducing effect on income and invariably increase income inequality. 

 School Of Agriculture & Agricultural Technology, FUTA

 Journal

 Determinants Of Poultry Farmers’ Willingness To Participate In National Agricultural Insurance Scheme In Oyo State, Nigeria.

 Adeyonu, A. G., Oyawoye, E. O., Otunaiya, A. O. & Akinlade, R. J.

 2016

Poultry enterprise development in Nigeria is affected by high cost of feeds and feed ingredients, outbreak of diseases, constrained smallholder access to inputs, climate change and marketing. This study examined the determinants of poultry farmers’ willingness to participate in National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) in Oyo State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected from 136 respondents with the aid of structured questionnaire using multi-stage sampling techniques. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Probit regression model. Results showed that the mean age of the respondents was 43.6 years while the majority of them (65.44%) were males and had tertiary education (58.8%). Mean years of experience in poultry farming stood at 13.5, while the mean value of stock of birds held was ?1,984,660.61. The majorities of the farmers (60.29%) belong to at least one association, had access to credit (60.29%) and were not aware of NAIS (70.58%). Willingness to participate in the scheme increased significantly with experience in poultry enterprise (0.9828), awareness status (1.0031), access to credit (0.0018), and value of stock held (5.48e-07), but decreased with membership of association (0.1113). It was recommended that more awareness about the scheme should be created. Also, credit facilities should be made available to farmers at affordable rate.